Fractional differential equations are a type of differential equation that involve derivatives of non-integer order. These equations generalize classical differential equations by allowing the order of differentiation to be any real number, not just integers. They have applications in various fields such as physics, engineering, biology, and economics. Fractional differential equations are used to model systems with memory effects, anomalous diffusion, and other phenomena where traditional integer-order derivatives are not sufficient. Research in this area focuses on developing analytical and numerical methods for solving fractional differential equations, studying their properties and applications, and exploring their theoretical foundations.